Achievement Gap Facts

The 'school readiness gap' between children below the federal poverty line and those above 185% of FPL is 27 percentage points.

Children from poverty families have a school readiness percentage at kindergarten entrance of 48%, versus 75% for children from families above 185% of the poverty line.

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Children in poverty show significantly lower levels of proficiency in key cognitive areas, starting as early as age 9 months. As children in poverty grow older, the gap between poor and non-poor achievement levels quickly expand.

Twenty percent of 4-year-olds in poverty were proficient in letter recognition, compared with 37 percent of their peers at or above poverty. Forty-five percent of 4-year-olds in poverty demonstrated proficiency in numbers and shapes, compared with 72 percent of their peers at or above poverty.

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Disparities in cognitive, social, behavioral and health outcomes are apparent at 9 months and increase by the time a child is two years old. An 18-month achievement gap exists between impoverished children and their peers by age four.

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U.S. students ranked 25th out of 30 developing countries in mathematics literacy testing, an achievement gap that begins as early as preschool and kindergarten.

Focusing on mathematics in early education can lead to more positive outcomes in higher education and beyond.

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